New Rules
New Rules |
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| New Rules and How They May Affect Training and Your Team's Performance By Dr. Lorne Sawula FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN TRAINING YOUR ATHLETES INTRODUCTION: The questions that come out, + others that will come out of discussion and later after having the "real experience", will decide if training will change dramatically from the style that was used for the side-out system. In some ways the questions pondered below are no different than the ones that we tried to find out solutions for in the old scoring system. Brian Watson, who is coaching in Germany, said "… my first opinion was that once a team got ahead (like 12-8) that the game was over and there were very few close games (boring), basically once the team was that far behind they quit playing and waited for the next game." Later after another tournament he said: "… I have seen my team up 16-9 the other team come back and tie it at 21-21 (luckily we won that one) and I have seen us down 14 -8 and then lead 16-15. Both of these shouldn't happen but it seems that the leading team can also lose its focus/intensity (even in better talented teams)." It seems that he thought that the game wasn't as simple as it seemed to be. In the match during his 2nd round that they won 3-0 in TURKEY, they won the 3rd game 38-36. This was fairly exciting for everyone. What are the new changes and how will they affect our training as coaches? See the Appendix for most of the new rule changes. Some of the new rule interpretations or changes do not have an affect on training but they are new rules. I guess we have to see what rules we will adopt for Canada. However, some of the rules may have an effect upon how we train. I don't intend to give you the answers but I hope to cause you to think about what may have to happen. In essence, "MY" answer to the questions below are included in another paper that I will only preview with you at this time.
Basic Thinking: If this is used at the younger levels then perhaps we will keep the taller players in the game (one rational for the argument). On the other hand we never will develop the all round skills of the player because they will never play back row, so serve receive and defense will not be stressed. Now we can bring in a "smooth", usually smaller but skilled player back into the game. This player's purpose is to play strong defense and most likely serve receive. Rallies should be extended if this player is doing a good job. All the skills of this player take place in the back row.
Brian Watson's thoughts:
This would allow you to have an extra attacker for one of the situations - perhaps this will become part of the tactics; i.e. one time a back row attacker and one time a receiver or defensive "libero".
This is a new development for the player who has always started. Now we are saying that this player is not as good as another player, in the back row. The player who is substituted by the Libero in the backcourt may feel lost, left out, only a "half-player", etc. How do we get help the player who is being taken out to rationalize what is happening? Solutions:
3. GENERAL TRAINING OF THE TEAM Does training change or are we doing much of the same thing. Mistakes are important now - each mistake costs a point. Questions:
To me I don't see a lot of training differences. Even under the side-out system we do not want to have mistakes. Maybe it was a luxury and we found that we could make a mistake when we were serving - or is this where we taught the players that this was the time to take chances? What I see is maybe the need for BETTER practices where every ball is important (i.e. no time off from the players). Planning of your training will have to be very precise and exact. To me it is just longer 5th games except that you start at 0-0 in Game 1. The things I have worked on and talked to with my players is the necessity to be mentally pumped to play right away. Question:
Since the points are scored from serve receive (same as before) will the service reception to attack phase of the game be more important than other aspects? Since the serving team will not want to make mistakes then they will give easier serves, therefore, the first chance we have to score will be from serve receive to attack. Should not we try to end it right there? However, before when we were serving, even if we gave an easy serve we new we still had our counter attack (defense to attack) to try and score or we did not dig the ball all we lost was the side-out. We then continue to get the next side-out and then waited until our opponent had a mistake or did not execute properly and we tried to take advantage of this to score our point. Patience was important. Question:
Example: Statistics from UBC Vs U of A Women (Feb 26, 1999)
Some of Win Rally were won because of mistakes by opponent's so the realistic figure is probably closer to 40% of the time either team actually won the ball back to serve when they were receiving? Question:
Should it be the focal point. The goal internationally was to score 60-75% of the time from Serve Receive under the old system. At younger levels there is even a lower score. Therefore, if we spend more time on this will our results improve? Question: a. Will teams think that defense to attack will be more important? Brian Watson's thoughts" "On changes in my training I have found very little difference, I have a young team with two vet's and we have been training very hard on skills and defense (doesn't sound any different does it). The Germans have the advantage that they are very tall and on attack very aggressive but they are prone to 2 or 3 errors in a row and that I have been trying to change them out of. I refuse to let them bang away when they have no chance to score and instead I have tried to get them to be tactical, keep it in play, and play block and defense and in the CEV we have been quite successful. Before, under the side-out system we were playing matches that lasted 2 hours (for women) and 3 hours (for men). Now we have the match over in one hour to one hour and 30 minutes. Will this help to excite the spectators for our matches? Our training for this was around 2 hours at the University level to 3 hours per session at the International Level. Note: Brian Watson's team in Germany played in a Christmas tournament in Holland and the statistics showed the average match length to be 70 minutes. They also played two technical timeouts and one coach controlled timeout in this tournament. Listed below is an example taken from a match just recently. It brings out the vast changes between the old system and the new system. Just a reminder that this was just 3 sets and the final match was 3-1. Example: Statistics from UBC Vs U of A Women (Feb 26, 1999)
Score was 2-1 at this point. Total:1 hours 1 min - old system took1hr 43 min You have less time to play and therefore, you have to be ready to play. Question:
Since the match is shorter you probably will have to remain very focused for the whole game. Question:
Watson : "As for practice hours I don't see a decrease. We normally practice 25 hours a week and play one match and that hasn't changed. I will sometimes structure very intense practices especially on team things and go for 2 1/2 instead of 3 hours. However since the key is basic skills, balance and movement we spend even more time on it. 5. RHYTHM OF THE MATCH Are comebacks possible? Watson said that an interesting aspect was that the team that reached 16 points first won 91.5% of the games, in the Dutch tournament. What do you do to prevent the spread of the score? Use of substitutions, and your time-out/s become very important. It seems that if a 4 or 5 point spread occurs then there is a danger of losing contact with the other side and coming back is out of the question. Question:
Brian Watson said: "As for how to take chances, they go down as you MUST keep your team rhythm. I have 5 spike servers but the rules are don't miss two serves in a row (teammate to team mate) and also for the individual. If you (+team) have scored two points you cannot miss your serve and after a timeout. Of course we don't do that but we do try and it seems to help focus the team. I think it is better to give the ball to the other team then to make a mistake and let them come to you or make a mistake. However if you can score you must go for it." Question:
Watson: "Whether I have one or two timeouts I have found that I use them early as you cannot afford to fall too far behind especially if you are playing a good side out team. Forget about saving a timeout for 22-22 unless it is totally equal all the way throughout.
Another big problem could be mistakes by the officials. All officials make mistakes even the real good ones and now their mistakes are not just a point or a side out they now cost 2 points if the game is 23-23 and they make a mistake you may not be able to recover. NOTE for sure I am not going to blame an official but I have talked to about 10 FIVB very good international officials and they are very concerned about the increased amount of pressure on them. Question: This is the danger in where the rules are heading at this time. Different levels, different leagues, different rules for sexes, etc may come about. The other rumor in Europe is that this system will only be used till Sydney and they will change it again. Lots of complaints in Europe. In Greece they give two points for an ace in the new system to make teams go for it. Denmark has come up with and playing with a totally different system but it is rally point in nature. Who knows maybe our "leaders" will switch the game again at the 5th set, if necessary will become the "side-out system". CONCLUSION: WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO BECOME SUCCESSFUL? With my limited experience in this concept it seems to me that if you want to be successful you HAVE to have very good basic skills that you can do again and again and again. You have to learn to concentrate, focus on the task at hand, use tactics during the match to perfection, etc. During the last quadrennial the Domestic Committee has put forward the concept of learning skills in the game context itself. It seems that the new rules will rely heavily on this type of training. For me there are three important general concepts that should be followed in training. They are :
NEW RULES 4. Register of Players on Score Sheet 4.1.2 Each team has the option to register, among the final list of 12 players, one (1) specialized defensive player "Libero" (Rule 8.5). 4.3 EQUIPMENT A player's equipment consists of a jersey, shorts, socks and sport shoes. 4.3.1 The colour and the design for the jerseys, shorts and socks must be uniform for the entire team (except for the Libero, Rule 8.5). 4.3.2 The shoes must be light and pliable with rubber or leather soles without heels. For FIVB World and Official Competitions for seniors, the colour of the shoes must be uniform for the team, but their trademarks may differ in colour and design. Jerseys and shorts should comply with FIVB standards. 4.3.3 Player's jerseys must be numbered from 1 through 18. 4.3.3.1 The number must be placed on the jersey at the centre of the front and of the back. The colour and brightness of the numbers must contrast with the colour and brightness of the jerseys. 4.3.3.2 The number must be a minimum of 15cm in height on the chest and a minimum of 20cm on the back. The stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 2cm in width. For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the players’ number shall be repeated on the right leg of the short. The number must be of 4 to 6cm in height and the stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 1cm in width. 4.3.4 The team captain must have on his/her jersey a stripe of 8x2cm underlining the number on the chest. 4.3.5 It is forbidden to wear uniforms of a colour different from that of the other players (Rule 4.3.1) (except for the Libero - Rule 8.5), and/or without official numbers (Rule 4.3.3). 5.2 COACH 5.2.3.2 sits on the team bench nearest to the scorer, but may temporarily leave it; 5.2.3.3 requests time-outs and substitutions; 5.2.3.4 may, as well as other team members, give instructions to the players on the court. The coach may give these instructions while standing or walking within the free zone in front of his/her team’s bench up to the warm-up area, without disturbing or delaying the match. 5.3 ASSISTANT COACH 5.3.1 The assistant coach sits on the team bench, but has no right to intervene in the match. 5.3.2 Should the coach have to leave his/her team, the assistant coach may, at the request of the game captain and with the authorization of the first referee, assume the coach's functions. 6.2 TO WIN A SET A set (except the deciding - 5th - set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead of two points. In the case of a 24-24 tie, play is continued until a two-point lead is achieved (26-24; 27-25; …). 6.3 TO WIN THE MATCH 6.3.1 The match is won by the team that wins three sets. 6.3.2 In the case of a 2-2 tie, the deciding set (the 5th) is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points. 7.2 WARM-UP SESSION 7.2.1 Prior to the match, if the teams have previously had a playing court at their disposal, each team will have a 3-minute warm-up period at the net; if not, they may have 5 minutes each. 7.2.2 If both captains agree to warm-up at the net together, the teams may do so for 6 or 10 minutes, according to Rule 7.2.1. 7.3.1.2 When a team uses the option to register a defensive "Libero" player (Rule 8.5), the Libero’s number must also be indicated on the line-up sheet of the first set, along with the numbers of the six starting players. 8.5 THE LIBERO PLAYER 8.5.1 The Libero (Rule 4.1.2) must be recorded on the scoresheet before the match in the special line reserved for it. His/her number must also be added on the line-up sheet of the first set (Rule 7.3.1.3). 8.5.2 The specific rules for a Libero player are as follows: 8.5.2.1 The equipment The Libero must wear a different colour uniform, shirt or jacket in contrast to the other members of the team (or with a different design) (Rule 4.3.5). 8.5.2.2 The playing actions a) The Libero is allowed to replace any player in a back row position. b) He/she is restricted to perform as a back row player and is not allowed to complete an attack hit from anywhere (including playing court and free zone) if at the moment of the contact the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net. c) He/she may not serve, block or attempt to block. d) A player may not complete an attack hit from higher than the top of the net, if the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in the front zone. The ball may be freely attacked if the Libero makes the same action from behind the front zone." 8.5.2.3 Replacement of players a) Replacements involving the Libero are not counted as regular substitutions. They are unlimited, but there must be a rally between two Libero replacements. The Libero can only be replaced by the player whom he/she replaced. b) Replacements can only take place: i. at the start of each set after the second referee has checked the starting line-up; ii. while the ball is out of play; iii. before the whistle for service. c) A Libero may only enter or leave the court by the sideline in front of his/her team bench between the attack line and the end line. 8.5.2.4 Replacement of an injured Libero: a) With the previous approval of the first referee, an injured Libero may be replaced during the match by any player who is not on the court at the moment of the injury. The injured Libero may not re-enter to play for the remainder of the match. b) The player designated to replace an injured Libero must remain as a Libero for the remainder of the match. 12.2 PENETRATION UNDER THE NET 12.2.1 It is permitted to penetrate into the opponents' space under the net, provided that this does not interfere with the opponents' play. 12.2.2 Penetration into the opponent's court, beyond the centre line: 12.2.2.1 To touch the opponent's court with a foot(feet) or hand(s)is permitted, provided that some part of the penetrating foot(feet) or hand(s) remains either in contact with or directly above the centre line. 12.2.2.2 To contact the opponent's court with any other part of the body is forbidden. 13.4 EXECUTION OF THE SERVICE 13.4.1 The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the hand(s), and before it touches any other part of his/her body or the playing surface. 13.4.2 At the moment of the service hit or take-off for a jump service, the server must not touch the court (the end line included) or the ground outside the service zone. After the hit, he/she may step or land outside the service zone, or inside the court. 13.4.3 The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the first referee whistles for service. 13.4.4 A service executed before the referee's whistle is cancelled and repeated. 16.1 NUMBER OF REGULAR INTERRUPTIONS Each team is entitled to a maximum of two time-outs and six player substitutions per set. 16.4 TIME-OUTS AND TECHNICAL TIME-OUTS 16.4.1 A time-out lasts for 30 seconds. For FIVB World and Official Competitions, time-outs are applied as follows: a) during sets 1-4, there are two additional "Technical Time-Outs" per set, each lasting 90 seconds. They are applied automatically when the leading team first reaches 8 points and 16 points. b) In the deciding (5th) set, there are no "Technical Time-Outs"; only two regular time-outs of 30 seconds duration may be requested by each team. 16.4.2 During all time-outs, the players in play must go to the free zone near their bench. 17.2 SANCTIONS FOR DELAYS 17.2.1 "Delay warning" or "delay penalty" are team sanctions. 17.2.1.1 Delay sanctions remain in force for the entire match. 17.2.1.2 All delay sanctions (including warning) are recorded on the scoresheet. 17.2.2 The first delay in the match by a team member is sanctioned with a "DELAY WARNING". 17.2.3 The second and subsequent delays of any type by any member of the same team in the same match constitute a fault and are sanctioned with a "DELAY PENALTY": loss of rally (Rule 6.1.2). 17.2.4 Delay sanctions imposed before or between sets are applied in the following set. 19. INTERVALS AND CHANGE OF COURTS 19.1 INTERVALS All intervals between sets last three minutes. During this period of time, the change of courts and line-up registrations of the teams on the scoresheet are made. For FIVB World and Official Competitions, a 10 minutes interval is compulsory between the second and the third sets. 19.2 CHANGE OF COURTS 19.2.1 After each set, the teams change courts, with the exception of the deciding set (Rule 7.1). Other team members change benches. 19.2.2 In the deciding set, once a team reaches 8 points, the teams change courts without delay and the player positions remain the same. If the change is not made once the leading team reaches 8 points, it will take place as soon as the error is noticed. The score at the time that the change is made remains the same. 21.3 SANCTION SCALE According to the judgment of the first referee and depending on the seriousness of the offence, the sanctions to be applied and recorded on the scoresheet are: 21.3.1 Penalty A first rude conduct in the match by any team member is penalized with the loss of rally (Rule 6.1.2). 21.3.2 Expulsion 21.3.2.1 A team member who is sanctioned by expulsion shall not play for the rest of the set and must remain seated in the penalty area behind the team bench (Rules 1.4.5, 5.3.2 & Diagram 1) with no other consequences. An expelled coach loses his/her right to intervene in the set and must remain seated in the penalty area behind the team bench (Rule 1.4.5 & Diagram 1). 21.3.2.2 The first offensive conduct by a team member is sanctioned by expulsion with no other consequences. 21.3.2.3 A second rude conduct in the same match by the same team member is sanctioned by expulsion with no other consequences. 21.3.3 Disqualification 21.3.3.1 The team member who is sanctioned by disqualification must leave the Competition Control Area for the rest of the match with no other consequences. 21.3.3.2 The first aggression is sanctioned by disqualification with no other consequences. 21.3.3.3 A second offensive conduct in the same match by the same team member is sanctioned by disqualification with no other consequences. 21.3.3.4 The third rude conduct in the same match by the same player is sanctioned by disqualification with no other consequences. 21.4 APPLICATION OF MISCONDUCT SANCTIONS 21.4.1 All misconduct sanctions are individual sanctions, remain in force for the entire match and are recorded on the scoresheet. 21.4.2 The repetition of misconduct by the same team member in the same match is sanctioned progressively as shown in Rule 21.3 and Diagram 9 (the team member receives a heavier sanction for each successive offence). 21.4.3 Expulsion or disqualification due to offensive conduct or aggression does not require a previous sanction. 21.5 MISCONDUCT BEFORE AND BETWEEN SETS Any misconduct occurring before or between sets is sanctioned according to Rule 21.3 and sanctions apply in the following set. 21.6 SANCTION CARDS Warning: verbal or hand signal, no card Penalty : yellow card Expulsion: red card Disqualification: yellow + red card (jointly). (Refer to Diagram 9.) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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